Ƙaddamar da manufar tsaka tsaki na carbon, amfani da makamashi na gaba zai ƙara matsawa zuwa makamashi mai tsabta.Ƙarfin hasken rana, a matsayin makamashi mai tsabta na yau da kullum a rayuwar yau da kullum, zai kuma sami ƙarin kulawa.Duk da haka, samar da makamashin makamashin hasken rana da kansa ba shi da kwanciyar hankali, kuma yana da alaka da tsananin hasken rana da yanayin yanayi na rana, wanda ke buƙatar saitin kayan ajiyar makamashi na photovoltaic masu dacewa don daidaita makamashi.
Zuciyar Tsarin Hoto na Gida
Ma'ajiyar wutar lantarki ta gida yawanci ana shigar da ita tare da tsarin hoto na gida don samar da wutar lantarki ga masu amfani da gida.Tsarin ajiyar makamashi na iya inganta matakin yin amfani da kai na photovoltaics na gida, rage lissafin wutar lantarki na mai amfani, da tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na amfani da wutar lantarki a ƙarƙashin matsanancin yanayi.Ga masu amfani a yankunan da ke da tsadar wutar lantarki, bambance-bambancen farashin kolo-to-kwari, ko tsofaffin grid, ya fi tattalin arziki siyan tsarin ajiyar gida, kuma masu amfani da gida suna da kwarin gwiwa don siyan tsarin ajiyar gida.
A halin yanzu, yawancin makamashin hasken rana da ake amfani da su a kasar Sin ana amfani da su ne kawai wajen dumama ruwa.Masu amfani da hasken rana da za su iya samar da wutar lantarki ga dukan gidan har yanzu ba su da tushe, kuma manyan masu amfani da su har yanzu suna kasashen waje, musamman a Turai da Amurka.
Saboda girman girman ƙauyuka a cikin ƙasashen Turai da Amurka, kuma yawancin gidaje suna mamaye gidaje masu zaman kansu ko masu zaman kansu, ya dace da ci gaban photovoltaics na gida.Dangane da kididdigar, a cikin 2021, ikon shigar da hoto na kowane mutum na EU zai zama watts 355.3 a kowane gida, haɓaka 40% idan aka kwatanta da 2019.
A cikin sharuddan shigar azzakari cikin farji kudi, da shigar iya aiki na iyali photovoltaic a Ostiraliya, Amurka, Jamus da Japan lissafin 66.5%, 25.3%, 34.4% da 29.5% na jimlar shigar photovoltaic iya aiki bi da bi, yayin da rabo daga shigar photovoltaic iya aiki bi da bi. a gidaje a kasar Sin kashi 4 ne kawai.Hagu da dama, tare da babban ɗakin ci gaba.
Tushen tsarin tsarin photovoltaic na gida shine kayan ajiyar makamashi, wanda kuma shine bangaren da mafi girman farashi.A halin yanzu, farashin batirin lithium a kasar Sin ya kai kusan dalar Amurka 130/kWh.Ɗaukar iyali na hudu a Sydney waɗanda iyayensu ke aiki a matsayin misali, suna ɗauka cewa yawan wutar lantarki na yau da kullum na iyali shine 22kWh, tsarin ajiyar makamashi na gida da aka shigar shine kayan aikin hoto na 7kW tare da baturin ajiyar makamashi na 13.3kWh.Wannan kuma yana nufin cewa kawai isassun batura na ajiyar makamashi don tsarin hoto zai kashe $ 1,729.
Amma a cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, farashin kayan aikin hasken rana na gida ya ragu da kusan 30% zuwa 50%, yayin da ingancin ya karu da kusan 10% zuwa 20%.Ana sa ran wannan zai haɓaka haɓakar saurin haɓakar ma'aunin makamashi na photovoltaic na gida.
Haƙiƙa mai haske don ajiyar makamashi na hotovoltaic na gida
Bugu da ƙari, batir ajiyar makamashi, sauran kayan aiki masu mahimmanci sune photovoltaics da masu juyawa na makamashi, kuma ana iya raba tsarin ajiyar makamashi na gida zuwa tsarin ajiyar wutar lantarki na gida na gida da kuma tsarin ajiyar wutar lantarki na gida guda biyu bisa ga hanyoyin haɗin kai daban-daban kuma ko sun kasance. ana haɗa su da grid.tsarin, kashe-grid gida photovoltaic makamashi ajiya tsarin, da photovoltaic makamashi ajiya tsarin sarrafa makamashi.
Haɓaka tsarin ajiyar makamashi na hotovoltaic na gida gabaɗaya sun dace da sabbin gidaje na hotovoltaic, waɗanda har yanzu suna iya ba da garantin buƙatar wutar lantarki bayan katsewar wutar lantarki.A halin yanzu shine yanayin al'ada, amma bai dace da haɓaka gidaje na hotovoltaic na yanzu ba.Nau'in haɗin kai ya dace da gidaje na photovoltaic na yanzu, yana canza tsarin grid ɗin da aka haɗa da shi a cikin tsarin ajiyar makamashi, farashin shigarwa yana da ƙananan ƙananan, amma ƙarfin caji yana da ƙananan ƙananan;nau'in kashe-grid ya dace da wuraren da ba tare da grid ba, kuma yawanci yana buƙatar sanye take da injin janareta na diesel.
Idan aka kwatanta da baturan ajiyar makamashi, inverter da na'urorin daukar hoto suna lissafin kusan rabin farashin batura.Bugu da ƙari, kayan ajiyar makamashi na gida yana buƙatar shigar da masu sakawa, kuma farashin shigarwa kuma shine 12% -30%.
Ko da yake ya fi tsada, yawancin na'urorin ajiyar batir kuma suna ba da damar tsara tsarin wutar lantarki a ciki da waje, ba kawai don sayar da wutar lantarki mai yawa ga tsarin wutar lantarki ba, amma wasu an inganta su don haɗawa da wuraren cajin motocin lantarki.A dai-dai lokacin da motocin lantarki ke karuwa sosai, wannan fa'idar kuma za ta taimaka wa masu amfani da ita wajen adana farashi mai yawa.
A sa'i daya kuma, yawan dogaro da hanyoyin samar da makamashi na waje zai haifar da matsalar makamashi, musamman a halin da duniya ke ciki a yau.Idan muka dauki tsarin makamashi a Turai a matsayin misali, iskar gas ya kai kashi 25%, kuma iskar gas na Turai ya dogara sosai kan shigo da kayayyaki, wanda ke haifar da bukatar canjin makamashi cikin gaggawa a Turai.
Jamus ta ci gaba da shirin samar da wutar lantarki mai sabuntawa 100% daga shekarar 2050 zuwa 2035, inda ta cimma kashi 80% na makamashi daga samar da wutar lantarki.Hukumar Tarayyar Turai ta zartar da shawarar REPowerEU don haɓaka burin makamashin da aka sabunta na EU don 2030, wanda zai haɓaka 17TWh na wutar lantarki a cikin shekarar farko na shirin photovoltaic na iyali, da kuma samar da 42TWh na ƙarin wutar lantarki ta 2025. Dukkan gine-ginen jama'a suna sanye da kayan aikin hoto, kuma suna buƙatar Duk sabbin gine-gine an shigar da su tare da rufin hoto, kuma ana sarrafa tsarin yarda a cikin watanni uku.
Lissafin shigar da ƙarfin da aka rarraba na photovoltaics dangane da adadin gidaje, la'akari da ƙimar shigar da wutar lantarki ta gida don samun adadin ajiyar makamashin gidan da aka shigar, da kuma ɗauka matsakaicin ƙarfin da aka shigar a kowane gida don samun damar shigar da ƙarfin ajiyar makamashi na iyali a ciki. duniya da kuma a kasuwanni daban-daban.
Idan aka ɗauka cewa a cikin 2025, ƙimar shigar da wutar lantarki a cikin sabon kasuwar hotovoltaic shine 20%, ƙimar shigar da makamashi a cikin kasuwar hannun jari shine 5%, kuma sararin sararin samaniyar makamashi na gida ya kai 70GWh, sararin kasuwa yana da girma. .
taƙaitawa
Yayin da adadin makamashin lantarki mai tsabta a cikin rayuwar yau da kullum ya zama mafi mahimmanci, photovoltaics sun shiga cikin dubban gidaje a hankali.Tsarin ajiyar makamashi na photovoltaic na gida ba zai iya saduwa da bukatun wutar lantarki na yau da kullum na iyali ba, amma kuma sayar da wutar lantarki mai yawa zuwa grid don samun kudin shiga.Tare da karuwar kayan lantarki, wannan tsarin na iya zama samfurin dole ne a cikin iyalai masu zuwa.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-30-2023